THE PROBLEM OF IDENTIFYING THE CITIES OF ESHNAS AND ORNAS WITH THE MEDIEVAL CITY OF ASANAS AND THE HISTORY OF ITS STUDY

The equivalence and history of research of medieval city Asanas and “Eshnas”, “Ornas” cities in the data

Аннотация

The article highlights that the lower reaches of the Syr Darya, from the early and medieval periods to the present day, have served
as a foundation for historical and cultural processes, being the ancestral homeland of nomadic and semi-sedentary peoples during the Golden Horde era and within the Kazakh Khanate.
The aim is to comprehensively study the location, historical and cultural significance, and developmental dynamics of ancient settlements in the lower Syr Darya, including the city of Eshnas (or Ornas), which is frequently mentioned in written sources.
The article employs methods of historical-comparative analysis, systematization of archaeological data, examination of toponymic materials, and interdisciplinary comparison of textual evidence.
Although archaeological surveys have not yet made it possible to determine the exact location of the ancient city of Eshnas (or Ornas), the structural features of several monuments along the Syr Darya and the discovered material evidence indicate that these settlements were major trade, economic, and cultural centers.
While the precise location of Eshnas (or Ornas) remains unresolved, archaeological and historical studies underscore the importance of further research in this direction.