Abstract
This article presents the detailed results of archaeological research conducted in 2001 by the Turan Archaeological Expedition (headed by Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor M. Eleuov) in the Sauran District of Turkistan Region (formerly South Kazakhstan Region).
Purpose of the article: The primary excavations were carried out at the medieval sites of Kultobe and Karashyk, located on the southern slopes of the Karatau Range.
Research methods: These excavations revealed the structural and planning characteristics, cultural layers, and archaeological complexes of the settlements.
Research materials and results: The data obtained significantly clarified the historical development and urbanization processes of the region. In addition, the expedition conducted surveys in the valleys and gorges of the Biresek, Bayyldyr, Zhynggylshyk, Ushozen, and Karakudyk rivers, identifying rock art at 15 different locations. Among them are important petroglyph sites such as Korzhailau, Tamgalytas, Tekturmas, Kiyinzhurek, Karadegeres, Tosbulak, Shukyrsaz, Kyzylshyn, Burakonys, Kenozen, Karakus, Maidantal, and Mailykara. These images reflect the mythological and religious beliefs, hunting practices, and pastoral life of ancient societies. The stylistic diversity and compositional coherence of the petroglyphs play a crucial role in revealing ancient worldviews.
Conclusions: The article analyzes the cultural significance, methods, and future directions of rock art and medieval monuments.
01 Introduction
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